Assignment: What is the difference between Metabolic/Respiratory Acidosis and Metabolic/Respiratory Alkalosis

Assignment: What is the difference between Metabolic/Respiratory Acidosis and Metabolic/Respiratory Alkalosis

Assignment: What is the difference between Metabolic/Respiratory Acidosis and Metabolic/Respiratory Alkalosis

What is the difference between Metabolic/Respiratory Acidosis and Metabolic/Respiratory Alkalosis

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Metabolic/Respiratory Acidosis

Difference between Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis

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            Acidosis is characterized by low pH(below 7.35) level since there is accumulation of acid in body fluids or the loss of bicarbonate. Respiratory acidosis is caused by accumulation of carbon dioxide which is acidic in the body. Some of the conditions that can cause build up of carbon dioxide in the body include, trauma to the chest, paralysis of muscles of respiration and chronic lung diseases. Metabolic acidosis on the other hand, is an acid base imbalance characterized by low serum bicarbonate levels (below 20mmol/L) and a low pH(Matyukhin et al., 2020). It can be due to overproduction of acids in the body or impaired elimination of acids by the kidneys. Some of the causes of metabolic acidosis include diabetic acidosis, kidney diseases, severe dehydration and loss of sodium bicarbonate secondary to severe diarrhea.

Difference between Metabolic and Respiratory Alkalosis

            Alkalosis, an excessive alkalinity of the body fluids (pH above 7.45) caneither be metabolic or respiratory. Metabolic alkalosis is caused by excessive bicarbonate in the blood or an acid loss from the body, while respiratory alkalosis results from reduced carbon dioxide levels in the body following deep breathing.Metabolic acidosis can be caused by vomiting, nasogastric suction, thiazides or loop diuretics, renal artery stenosis,cushings syndrome and primary aldosteronism(Tinawi, 2021). Respiratory alkalosis is caused by any conditions that causes hyperventilation in a patient such as a panic attack or anxiety, fever, trauma, severeanemia and lung diseases that cause dyspnea.

 References

Matyukhin, I., Patschan, S., Ritter, O., & Patschan, D. (2020). Etiology and Management of Acute Metabolic Acidosis: An Update. Kidney and Blood Pressure Research, 45(4), 523–531. https://doi.org/10.1159/000507813

Tinawi, M. (2021). Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Management of Metabolic Alkalosis. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12841

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