Assignment: The Nurse Leader and the Systems Development Life Cycle

The Nurse Leader and the Systems Development Life Cycle

The role of nurse leaders in healthcare organizations has changed significantly. Unlike in the past, when their work involved guiding and supervising nurse practitioners, nurse leaders are nowadays assigned more complicated tasks in medical facilities. This discussion will focus on the nurse leader’s role in the systems development life cycle (SDLC). Additionally, it will include the duties of the nurse leader during system development.

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Part 1. The Systems Development Life Cycle

The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) for Nursing Informatics

The SDLC for a nursing informatics project involves a series of various steps. The first step is system planning, which is the most crucial phase in creating a successful system (Iman, 2011). This step involves deciding exactly what will be done throughout the entire process and the problems that the developer is trying to solve. The project’s approval is also obtained in this phase.

The second step of the SDLC is system analysis, which involves determining and documenting the nursing informatics’ requirements. Nurse informatics extract, analyze, organize, and store data in healthcare organizations (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2017). The quality of patient care promotes health practitioners with informed required to enhance their clinical practices (Darvish et al., 2014). The system developer should clearly state the nursing informatics’s expectations are for the system and its anticipated performance. Additionally, a feasibility study is conducted to determine if the project is organizationally, socially, economically, and technologically feasible.

Thirdly, the systems development life cycle entails system design. This phase follows an understanding of nursing informatics requirements. Different components of a system, including the security level, architecture modules, and various interfaces and forms of data, which will pass through the system, are defined in this step (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, n.d.).

Implementation is the fourth phase of the systems development life cycle, which follows the system’s specifications and requirements completely. This step is considered as the system’s actual construction process. It involves configuration and fine-tuning to ensure that hardware meets particular functions and requirements. The system is ready to be used by nurse informatics to enhance their job performance and productivity. Nurse informatics might require some training to enable them to use the system in their practices. The duration of the implementation phase depends on the system’s complexity and the presented solution.

The fifth step of SDLC is system testing and integration. Different components and subsystems are brought together to come up with a whole integrated system. Nurse informatics, nurse leaders, or a team of experts can test the system. It is automated and systematic to check if the actual outcomes are similar to predicted and desired outcomes.

The last phase of SDLC is system maintenance. This step involves maintaining the system periodically to prevent it from becoming obsolete. Maintenance involves multiple activities such as replacing the old hardware and evaluating the system’s performance regularly. Additionally, maintenance involves providing a particular component with the latest updates to ensure it has the latest technologies to address security threats and meets the right standards. Therefore, maintenance will protect nurse informatics’ data from potential security threats.

Reasons for Involving Nurse Leaders in each Step of the SDLC

Nurse leaders should be involved in each step of the SDLC. First, nurse leaders should be involved in system planning. They can contribute to this first phase of SDLC by disclosing the problems faced by nurse informatics, which the system should address. Therefore, they will contribute to ensuring that the designed system matches with the challenges that are facing nurse informatics currently. Additionally, nurse leaders can contribute to this step by providing approval for the project to be implemented in the healthcare organization to be used by nurse informatics. According to Laukka et al. (2020), an IT project’s success in a healthcare organization significantly depends on the facility’s leadership. Nurse leaders must approve any intervention or activity that involves nurses since they understand these healthcare professionals’ requirements. For instance, instance nurse leaders can approve a project that will increase nurse informatics speed and efficiency if they notice a delay in nurse informatics practices.

Secondly, nurse leaders should be involved in the analysis stage. They will contribute to the system development by determining and documenting the nursing informatics’ requirements. For instance, nurse leaders can document that nurse informatics needs to improve their data speed or improve data storage. Additionally, nurse leaders can conduct a feasibility study to determine if the project is organizationally, socially, economically, and technologically feasible. For instance, they can assess the organization’s funds for system development and whether the current technology can support it.

Thirdly, nurse leaders should be involved in system design to help project developers define a system-based solution to address nurse informatics’s requirements. Furthermore, nurse leaders can train nurse informatics since they understand the system’s aspects and its functioning.

Moreover, nurse leaders should be involved in the implementation phase by providing guidelines about the system’s requirements since they understand nurse informatics’s needs, which are anticipated to be resolved by the new system. Furthermore, they guide the project team about the new system’s premises in the healthcare organization. For example, nurse leaders can decide that the new system will be installed in nurse informatics’s office or the administration block.

Nurse leaders should also be involved in testing and integration. They can guide the project developers on what components and subsystems to be combined to understand users’ requirements. Additionally, they can test whether the new system meets the expectations by comparing the actual outcomes and the desired results. According to Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (n.d.), IT projects are considered effective if the actual outcomes match with the desired results.

Finally, nurse leaders should be involved in system maintenance to hire experts regularly to update programs and replace the hardware to prevent the system from becoming obsolete. Additionally, they will ensure that the latest technology is available to address security threats and meets the right standards.

Part 2. The Nurse’s Job and Role Description in SDLC

Nurse leaders advocate for the use of information communication technology in their healthcare organizations to improve the quality of patient care (Sharpp et al., 2019). Therefore, they play major roles in all the stages of SDCL to enhance the implementation process’s success.

First, the nurse plays a significant role in the first stage of SDCL, which involves planning and defining requirements. The nurse approves for the project to be implemented in the healthcare organization. A project cannot proceed without nurse leaders’ approval. Nurse leaders understand challenges faced by nurses; thereby approving projects that will resolve those problems. According to Klaes (2018) nurse leaders require a better understanding of the problems experienced by nurses to promote change in nursing. Additionally, the nurse guides the project by disclosing the problems faced by nurse informatics that the system should address.

Secondly, the nurse plays a substantial role in the analysis stage of the SDLC. The nurse understands challenges faced by nurse informatics in their clinical practices. Therefore, the leader is involved in determining and documenting the nursing informatics’ requirements. Additionally, the nurse conducts a feasibility study to determine if the project is organizationally, socially, economically, and technologically feasible (Stanley, (2017). The leader considers if the organization can readily meet project’s requirement. The nurse uses the results of feasibility study to determine if project’s implementation in the healthcare organization will be successful.

Furthermore, the nurse’s role is evident in the SDLC design phase. This phase focuses on understanding nursing informatics requirements. In particular, different components of a system, including the security level, architecture modules, and various interfaces and forms of data, which will pass through the system, are defined in this step (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, n.d.). The role of the nurse leader in this phase involves guiding project developers in defining a system-based solution that will address nurse informatics’ requirements. Furthermore, the nurse focuses on understanding all the aspects of the new system. This knowledge can later be used to train nurse informatics on how to incorporate the new system into their clinical practices to enhance efficiency in their job performance.

Nurses also play a key role in the implementation stage of the SDLC. According to Iman (2011), this phase of software development entails actual construction of the new system. Nurse leaders understand nurse informatics’ needs, which the new system anticipates to address. Therefore, the leader provides the project team with guidelines on how to implement the new system to ensure it meets nurse informatics’ requirements. Additionally, nurse leaders have the capacity to make key decisions in a healthcare organization. Thus. they select the premises within the healthcare organization where the new system should be installed.

Finally, the nurses have a role to play in the testing and maintenance stages of the SLDC. The nurse leader tests the new system’s effectiveness in resolving the identified challenges facing nurse informatics. Testing involves comparing the actual outcomes and the desired results. A system is considered effective if the actual outcomes meet the expected results. Additionally, leaders play a key role in system maintenance where they hire experts to update programs and replace hardware regularly to prevent the system from becoming obsolete. They also avail the latest technology to prevent potential security threats and ensure that the system meets the right standards.

References

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.). Health IT evaluation toolkit and evaluation measure quick reference guide. Retrieved September 27, 2018, from https://healthit.ahrq.gov/health-it-tools-and-resources/evaluation-resources/health-it-evaluation-toolkit-and-evaluation-measures-quick-reference

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.). Workflow assessment for health IT toolkit. Retrieved September 27, 2018, from https://healthit.ahrq.gov/health-it-tools-and-resources/evaluation-resources/workflow-assessment-health-it-toolkit

Iman, L. (2011). Software development life cycle (SDLC) [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xtpyjPrpyX8.

Klaes, K. (2018). The Challenges of Frontline Nurse Managers A Quantitative Descriptive Study. Daemen Digital Commons. https://digitalcommons.daemen.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1044&context=theses

Laukka, E., Huhtakangas, M., Heponiemi, T., & Kanste, O. (2020). Identifying the Roles of Healthcare Leaders in HIT Implementation: A Scoping Review of the Quantitative and Qualitative Evidence. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health; 17 (2865): 1-15. doi:10.3390/ijerph17082865.

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Darvish, A., Bahramnezhad, F., Keyhanian, S., & Navidhamidi, M. (2014). The Role of Nursing Informatics on Promoting Quality of Health Care and the Need for Appropriate Education. Glob J Health Sci; 6(6): 11–18. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n6p1.

Sharpp, T, J., Lovelace, K., Cowan, & Baker, D. (2019). Perspectives of nurse managers on information communication technology and e‐Leadership. Journal of Nursing Management; 27 (7): 1554-1562https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12845

Stanley, D. (2017). Clinical leadership in nursing and healthcare: values into action (2nd ed.). Hoboken NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle.

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The Nurse Leader and the Systems Development Life Cycle

Part 1. The Systems Development Life Cycle for Implementation

In a 2-page narrative, address the following:

Explain each step of the systems development life cycle (SDLC) for a nursing informatics project. (1 page)
Explain why nurse leaders should be involved in each step of the SDLC by identifying at least two ways that nurse leaders can contribute to best practices for implementation of nursing informatics projects. Be specific and provide examples. (1 page)
Part 2. Job and Role Description of the Nurse in Systems Development and Implementation

Develop a 1- to 2-page job and role description for a graduate level nurse to guide his/her participation on the implementation team for a new nursing documentation system. The job and role description should be based on the systems development life cycle (SDLC) stages and tasks, and should clearly define how this individual will participate in and impact each of the steps. The response synthesizes and integrates at least two outside resources and two competency-specific resources that fully support the responses provided.

Define the role of the nurse in the planning and defining requirements stage of the SDLC. (1–2 paragraphs)
Define the role of the nurse in the analysis stage of the SDLC. (1–2 paragraphs)
Define the role of the nurse in the design of the new system stage of the SDLC. (1–2 paragraphs)
Define the role of the nurse in the implementation stage of the SDLC. (1–2 paragraphs)
Define the role of the nurse in the testing and maintenance stages of the SLDC. (1–2 paragraphs)
The response synthesizes and integrates at least two outside resources and two competency-specific
resources that fully support the responses provided.

McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. (2017). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Chapter 9, “Systems Development Life Cycle: Nursing Informatics and Organizational Decision Making” (pp. 175–187)
Chapter 12, “Electronic Security ” (pp. 229–242)
Chapter 13, “Workflow and Beyond Meaningful Use ” (pp. 245–261)

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.). Health IT evaluation toolkit and evaluation measures quick reference guide. Retrieved September 27, 2018, from https://healthit.ahrq.gov/health-it-tools-and-resources/evaluation-resources/health-it-evaluation-toolkit-and-evaluation-measures-quick-reference

Iman, L. (2011, August 17). Software development life cycle (SDLC) [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xtpyjPrpyX8

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Assignment: The Nurse Leader and the Systems Development Life Cycle