Assessment 3: Evidence-Based Proposal and Annotated Bibliography on Technology in Nursing

Assessment 3: Evidence-Based Proposal and Annotated Bibliography on Technology in Nursing

Assessment 3: Evidence-Based Proposal and Annotated Bibliography on Technology in Nursing

An Evidence-based Recommendation for Selected Technology Implementation:

An Evidence-based Recommendation for Selected Technology Implementation

Using technology has become a common practice in the healthcare sector. Healthcare technologies have accrued a wide range of benefits to healthcare organizations, including improving safety, efficiency, accessibility, and quality of patient care. Additionally, healthcare technologies are associated with superior healthcare outcomes, including reduced cost of care. While several technologies have been implemented in the healthcare sector, this paper focuses on telehealth applications in monitoring and managing patients with chronic illnesses, including an introduction to the selected technology topic, annotation elements, and a recommendation summary.

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Introduction to the Selected Technology Topic

The selected technology topic is the application of telehealth (telemedicine or virtual health) in monitoring and managing patients with chronic illnesses, including cardiovascular diseases (CDVs), hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (DM).

The rationale for Selecting this Topic

This topic was selected following a dramatic increase in the prevalence of chronic illnesses among the general public in the US. He et al. (2018) reported that over half (51.8%) of U.S adults had been diagnosed with at least one chronic condition. Additionally, most elderly adults in the U.S are diagnosed with multiple chronic conditions (He et al., 2018). These chronic illnesses result in high mortality rates and healthcare spending. According to Raghupathi and Raghupathi (2018), chronic diseases lead to 70% of total deaths in the U.S annually, killing over 1.7 million U.S citizens. Chronic diseases are also attributed to over 75% of total healthcare spending in the U. S (Raghupathi & Raghupathi, 2018). Consequently, telehealth has facilitated the provision of intensive and regular care to patients with chronic illnesses, reducing high mortality rates and the cost of care associated with these diseases.

Employed Search Process

I conducted the search process electronically. During the search process, I applied various strategies to obtain relevant resources. First, I conducted the search process on several nursing databases, including CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Embase, ClinicalKey, the Cochrane Library, and PubMed. These databases were preferred since they provide reliable sources on various nursing and health-related topics. Only peer-reviewed journal articles were selected during the search since they provide highly reliable evidence. The search process was guided by key terms, including telehealth, telemedicine, virtual health, monitoring and managing chronic illnesses, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. These terms were used to narrow down the search process and ensure that only relevant sources were returned during the search.

Annotation Elements

             This section provides an analysis of selected articles on the application of telehealth in monitoring and managing patients with chronic illnesses, including a complete reference, the focus of the research, a summary of publication, the impact of technology on patient safety and quality of care, the relevance of this technology to nursing practice and the interdisciplinary health care team’s work, and reason for selecting the article, stating its significance to healthcare practitioners.

Ma, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, Y., Lu, J., Jiang, H., Cao, Y., & Xu, Y. (2022). Telemedicine application in patients with chronic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 22(1), 1-14. https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12911-022-01845-2

This review was authored by Ma et al. (2018) to evaluate the use of telehealth in managing patients diagnosed with chronic illnesses. The results of this review indicated the effectiveness of telemedicine and telemonitoring in improving health outcomes among patients with chronic diseases. First, telemedicine effectively boosted self-management in individuals diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Secondly, patients with diabetes mellitus reported improvements in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels after being under telemedicine for 12 months. Additionally, these patients reported significant improvement in fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels after six months of interventions. More so, patients demonstrated a substantial reduction in their systolic blood pressure following six months program.

Based on the review results, telemedicine improves patient safety among patients with rheumatoid arthritis by boosting self-management. Additionally, the results indicated the effectiveness of telemedicine in enhancing the safety and quality of patient care in individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus by improving (HbA1c) index and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels. Lastly, a reduction in systolic blood pressure following 6 months program demonstrated the efficacy of telemedicine in improving the safety and quality of patient care among individuals diagnosed with high blood pressure or hypertension. Therefore, this article is relevant to nursing practice and the interdisciplinary health care team’s work. It provides nurses with an evidence-based intervention for remotely improving the safety and quality of patient care for individuals with chronic illnesses. Additionally, telemedicine allows interdisciplinary health care team members to collaborate while providing virtual healthcare to patients with chronic illnesses, resulting in superior health outcomes. This article was preferred since it allows healthcare practitioners with an evidence-based intervention to remotely improve safety, efficiency, and quality of care provided to patients with chronic illnesses.

Santos, D. S., Batistelli, C. R. S., Lara, M. M. D. S., Ferreira, E. D. S., Moreira, T. R., & Cotta, R. M. M. (2022). The effectiveness of telehealth programs in the care of individuals with hypertension and, or diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 14(1), 1-9. https://dmsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13098-022-00846-5

This systematic review with a meta-analysis was conducted by Santos et al. (2022) to evaluate the efficacy of Telehealth programs in monitoring patients with Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The review’s results indicated that telemonitoring is the most common form of Telehealth utilized in improving the health status of people with DM or hypertension. The meta-analysis showed that Telehealth is an effective tool in providing healthcare to diabetic patients, reducing the HbA1c index by 0.353%. Studies on the use of telemonitoring in managing did not meet inclusion criteria; hence were not included in the meta-analysis. Additionally, telehealth reduces health expenses for the users and the health providers.

Telemonitoring improves patient safety and quality of care among individuals diagnosed with diabetes through a decreased HbA1c index by 0.353%. Thus, telemonitoring technology is relevant to nursing practice and the interdisciplinary health care team’s work since it will allow them to collaborate remotely to monitor a patient’s blood glucose, reducing the HbA1c index. This article is essential to healthcare practitioners since it provides them with cost-effective intervention for managing HbA1c among diabetes patients.

Zhang, A., Wang, J., Wan, X., Zhang, Z., Zhao, S., Guo, Z., & Wang, C. (2022). A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Telemedicine in Glycemic Management among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Primary Care. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(7), 4173. . https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph19074173.

Zhang et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review with a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of telemedicine in glycemic management in individuals diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in a primary care setting. The authors reviewed 32 articles during the study, which met the inclusion criteria. The review’s results indicated the effectiveness of telemedicine in reducing glycated hemoglobin, postprandial glucose, and fasting glucose levels after 6 months of intervention. However, this intervention did not improve lipid metabolism, weight, or diabetes awareness.

Telemedicine improves patient safety and quality of patient care among individuals with type 2 diabetes through adequate control of blood glucose and self-management improvement. Therefore, telemedicine is relevant to nursing practice and the interdisciplinary health care team’s work. In their respective clinical settings, nurses can use telemedicine to monitor glycated hemoglobin, postprandial glucose, and fasting glucose levels among patients diagnosed with diabetes. Additionally, telemedicine will allow interdisciplinary health care team members, including primary care providers, nurses, and nutritionists, to collaborate while monitoring the health of a diabetes patient remotely. This article was selected since relevant information on the management of diabetes mellitus using telemedicine can be applied by healthcare practitioners when dealing with patients diagnosed with DM, resulting in positive health outcomes, including a reduction in glycated hemoglobin, postprandial glucose, and fasting glucose levels.

Han, X., Chen, W., Gao, Z., Lv, X., Sun, Y., Yang, X., & Shan, H. (2021). Effectiveness of telemedicine for cardiovascular disease management: systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 10(12), 12831-12844. Doi: 10.21037/APM-21-3626

Han et al. (2021) conducted a systematic review with a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of telemedicine in managing cardiovascular diseases. The review included 23 and 21 qualitative and quantitative studies, respectively. Analysis conducted on the 21 studies indicated significant improvement in systolic blood pressure following a six-month Telemedicine program. Additionally, studies showed improvement in body mass index (BMI) among patients in the telemedicine group. The analysis also depicted significant improvement in patients’ quality of life. Lastly, the telemedicine program positively impacted patients’ mental health status.

Telemedicine technology positively impacted patient safety and quality of care among diabetes patients through improvement in systolic blood pressure, BMI, and patients’ quality of life. Thus, telemedicine is relevant to the nursing practice and the interdisciplinary health care team’s work. Nurses can use telemedicine to achieve positive health outcomes, including improved systolic blood pressure, BMI, and patients’ quality of life. Additionally, telemedicine supports collaboration among interdisciplinary health care team members while providing healthcare to patients with CVDs, improving overall healthcare outcomes. This article was selected since it allows for healthcare practitioners with an evidence-based intervention for managing CVDs remotely, resulting in positive health outcomes.

Summary of Recommendation

The four articles that were examined indicated the effectiveness of telehealth or telemedicine in monitoring and managing patients with various chronic illnesses remotely, reversing or preventing further worsening of the presented symptoms. Additionally, telemedicine supported the collaboration of interdisciplinary healthcare team members during virtual healthcare delivery, resulting in superior health outcomes, including a reduction in fasting blood glucose level, BMI, HbA1c, and systolic blood pressure.

Various organizational factors influence the choice of healthcare technology. First, the technology to be implemented in a medical facility is influenced by corporate policies. A healthcare organization with face-to-face interactions between the healthcare provider and the patient during care delivery cannot adopt telehealth. Providing patients with virtual health care will be acting against the organization’s policies. Additionally, implementing healthcare technology significantly impacted resources, including finances, technology, and human resources. Technology is only implemented in a healthcare organization upon having the required resources.

I would support the implementation and use of telemedicine in a health care setting. First, implementing telemedicine in the setting will benefit health care providers through job satisfaction resulting from providing safe, efficient, high-quality, and cost-effective health care. According to Kichloo (2020), implementing telemedicine in healthcare organizations has increased access to high-quality, efficient, and cost-effective healthcare services for patients with chronic illnesses. These health outcomes are achieved since telemedicine allows healthcare providers to offer medical care services to their patients remotely in their respective locations. Additionally, telemedicine will benefit patients with chronic illnesses through timely and high-quality patient care. Telemedicine support collaboration among interdisciplinary team members during care delivery, resulting in superior health outcomes (Kichloo, 2020). Therefore, telemedicine should be implemented in healthcare to benefit providers and patients.

Conclusion

Telehealth or telemedicine effectively provides telemonitoring among patients with various chronic illnesses, including hypertension. DM, and CVDs. Using telemedicine to manage patients with chronic diseases results in positive health outcomes, including a reduction in fasting blood glucose level, BMI, HbA1c, and systolic blood pressure. Telemedicine should be implemented in a healthcare setting since it will benefit healthcare providers through job satisfaction resulting from the provision of safe, efficient, high-quality, and cost-effective health care. Additionally, this technology will facilitate the provision of highly-accessible, cost-effective, and high-quality healthcare services to patients with chronic illnesses, resulting in positive health outcomes.

References

Han, X., Chen, W., Gao, Z., Lv, X., Sun, Y., Yang, X., & Shan, H. (2021). Effectiveness of telemedicine for cardiovascular disease management: systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 10(12), 12831-12844. Doi: 10.21037/APM-21-3626

He, Z., Bian, J., Carretta, H. J., Lee, J., Hogan, W. R., Shenkman, E., & Charness, N. (2018). Prevalence of multiple chronic conditions among older adults in Florida and the United States: comparative analysis of the OneFlorida data trust and national inpatient sample. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(4), e8961. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd17.200130external.

Ma, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, Y., Lu, J., Jiang, H., Cao, Y., & Xu, Y. (2022). Telemedicine application in patients with chronic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 22(1), 1-14. https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12911-022-01845-2.

Raghupathi, W., & Raghupathi, V. (2018). An empirical study of chronic diseases in the United States: a visual analytics approach to public health. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(3), 431. Doi: 10.3390/ijerph15030431

Santos, D. S., Batistelli, C. R. S., Lara, M. M. D. S., Ferreira, E. D. S., Moreira, T. R., & Cotta, R. M. M. (2022). The effectiveness of the use of telehealth programs in the care of individuals with hypertension and, or diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 14(1), 1-9. https://dmsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13098-022-00846-5.

Zhang, A., Wang, J., Wan, X., Zhang, Z., Zhao, S., Guo, Z., & Wang, C. (2022). A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Telemedicine in Glycemic Management among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Primary Care. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(7), 4173. . https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph19074173.

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Introduction
Before you begin to develop the assessment you are encouraged to complete the Annotated Bibliography Formative Assessment. Completing this activity will help you succeed with the assessment and counts towards course engagement.
Rapid changes in information technology go hand-in-hand with progress in quality health care delivery, nursing practice, and interdisciplinary team collaboration. The following are only a few examples of how the health care field uses technology to provide care to patients across multiple settings:
• Patient monitoring devices.
• Robotics.
• Electronic medical records.
• Data management resources.
• Ready access to current science.

Technology is essential to the advancement of the nursing profession, maintaining quality care outcomes, patient safety, and research.
This assessment will give you the opportunity to deepen your knowledge of how technology can enhance quality and safety standards in nursing. You will prepare an annotated bibliography on technology in nursing. A well-prepared annotated bibliography is a comprehensive commentary on the content of scholarly publications and other sources of evidence about a selected nursing-related technology. A bibliography of this type provides a vehicle for workplace discussion to address gaps in nursing practice and to improve patient care outcomes. As nurses become more accountable in their practice, they are being called upon to expand their role of caregiver and advocate to include fostering research and scholarship to advance nursing practice. An annotated bibliography stimulates innovative thinking to find solutions and approaches to effectively and efficiently address these issues.
Preparation
To successfully complete this assessment, perform the following preparatory activities:
• Select a SINGLE direct or indirect patient care technology that is relevant to your current practice or of interest to you. Direct patient care technologies require an interaction, or direct contact, between the nurse and patient. Nurses use direct patient care technologies every day when delivering care to patients. Electronic thermometers or pulse oximeters are examples of direct patient care technologies. Indirect patient care technologies, on the other hand, are those employed on behalf of the patient. They do not require interaction, or direct contact, between the nurse and patient. A handheld device for patient documentation is an example of an indirect patient care technology. Examples of topics to consider for your annotated bibliography include:
o Delivery robots.
o Electronic medication administration with barcoding.
o Electronic clinical documentation with clinical decision support.
o Patient sensor devices/wireless communication solutions.
o Real-time location systems.
o Remote patient monitoring.
o Artificial intelligence.
o Telehealth.
o Telestroke.
o Tele-icu.
o Tele-psychiatry.
o Tele-genetics.
o Workflow management systems.
• Conduct a library search using the various electronic databases available through the Capella University Library.
o Consult the BSN Program Library Research Guide for help in identifying scholarly and/or authoritative sources.
o Access the NHS Learner Success Lab, linked in the courseroom navigation menu, for additional resources.
• Scan the search results related to your chosen technology.
• Select four peer-reviewed publications focused on your selected topic that are the most interesting to you.
• Evaluate the impact of patient care technologies on desired outcomes.
o Analyze current evidence on the impact of a selected patient care technology on patient safety, quality of care, and the interdisciplinary team.
o Integrate current evidence about the impact of a selected patient care technology on patient safety, quality of care, and the interdisciplinary team into a recommendation.
Notes
• Publications may be research studies or review articles from a professional source. Newspapers, magazines, and blogs are not considered professional sources.
• Your selections need to be current—within the last five years.
An Evidence-based Recommendation for Selected Technology Implementation
Prepare a 4–6 page paper in which you introduce your selected technology and describe at least four peer-reviewed publications that promote the use of your selected technology to enhance quality and safety standards in nursing. You will conclude your paper by summarizing why you recommend a particular technology by underscoring the evidence-based resources you presented. Be sure that your paper includes all of the following elements:
• Introduction to the Selected Technology Topic
o What is your rationale for selecting this particular technology topic? Why are you interested in this?
o What research process did you employ?
o Which databases did you use?
o Which search terms did you use?
o Note: In this section of your bibliography, you may use first-person since you are asked to describe your rationale for selecting the topic and the research strategies you employed. Use third person in the rest of the bibliography, however.
• Annotation Elements
o For each resource, include the full reference followed by the annotation.
o Explain the focus of the research or review article you chose.
o Provide a summary overview of the publication.
o According to this source, what is the impact of this technology on patient safety and quality of care?
o According to this source, what is the relevance of this technology to nursing practice and the work of the interdisciplinary health care team?
o Why did you select this publication to write about out of the many possible options? In other words, make the case as to why this resource is important for health care practitioners to read.
• Summary of Recommendation
o How would you tie together the key learnings from each of the four publications you examined?
o What organizational factors influence the selection of a technology in a health care setting? Consider such factors as organizational policies, resources, culture/social norms, commitment, training programs, and/or employee empowerment.
o How would you justify the implementation and use of the technology in a health care setting? This is the section where you will justify (prove) that the implementation of the
patient care technology is appropriate or not. The evidence should be cited from the literature that was noted in the annotated bibliography.
o Consider the impact of the technology on the health care organization, patientcare/satisfaction, and interdisciplinary team productivity, satisfaction, and retention.
Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:
• Assessment 3 Example [PDF].
Additional Requirements
• Written communication: Ensure written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message.
• Length: 4–6-typed, double-spaced pages.
• Number of resources: Cite a minimum of four peer-reviewed publications, not websites.
• Font and font size: Use Times New Roman, 12 point.
• APA: Follow APA style and formatting guidelines for all bibliographic entries. Refer to Evidence and APA as needed.
Competencies Measured
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and scoring guide criteria:
• Competency 3: Evaluate the impact of patient care technologies on desired outcomes.
o Analyze current evidence on the impact of a selected patient care technology on patient safety, quality of care, and the interdisciplinary team.
o Integrate current evidence about the impact of a selected patient care technology on patient safety, quality of care, and the interdisciplinary team into a recommendation.
• Competency 4: Recommend the use of a technology to enhance quality and safety standards for patients.
o Describe organizational factors influencing the selection of a technology in the health care setting.
o Justify the implementation and use of a selected technology in a health care setting.
• Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication to facilitate use of health information and patient care technologies.
o Create a clear, well-organized, and professional annotated bibliography that is generally free from errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling.
o Follow APA style and formatting guidelines for all bibliographic entries.