Assignment: Concept Analysis Trust

Assignment: Concept Analysis Trust

Assignment: Concept Analysis Trust

Concept Analysis Trust

Trust significantly impacts the establishment of a therapeutic relationship between a healthcare provider and a patient. According to Crits-Christoph et al. (2019), trust and respect are key determinants of the nurse-patient relationship. Hence, trust is a vital aspect that influences the healthcare delivery process, quality of patient care, and health outcomes. This paper presents the purpose of the concept analysis, including a literature review, its definitions, defining attributes of the concept, a model case, a contrary case, a borderline case, a fictitious scenario, related concepts, and concept antecedents and consequences.

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Reason for doing the Concept Analysis

The concept of trust is often considered in healthcare as a core concept. The definition and usage are essential to understand our stances on what trust means to nurses. This concept analysis aims to enhance understanding of the concept of trust and its application in the healthcare sector. Learning the concept can only help us create those directional and moral compasses we as nurses should have for the safety and emotional wellbeing of all those we care for in the healthcare setting. Once we begin to understand the vulnerability our patients are experiencing, we can earn and appreciate trust as a scientific nursing concept.

Literature Review

  Trust is a concept that has been captured in the literature of various disciplines and fields of study. According to Gonzalez (2017), trust defines the relationship between two parties in multiple disciplines. For instance, trust is a significant component of the nurse-patient relationship. Furthermore, trust manages vulnerability in relationships. Hence, trust is vital in establishing a relationship between a nurse and a vulnerable patient. Trust also contributes to achieving extensive structural, value, and philosophical changes in an organization.

Definition of Trust

Definition of trust varies in various disciplines where the term has been applied. However, defining the concept of trust is challenging due to its multi-dimensional nature of trust. Its definition ranges from a commodity, a social reality, vulnerability, and a bargaining basis. Oxford Dictionary defines trust as a strong belief in trust, reliability, truth, or someone’s ability. Secondly, the Collins English Dictionary defines trust as reliance on one’s strength, integrity, ability, or surety. Thirdly, the Cambridge English Dictionary defines trust as believing that an individual is good, honest, and not harmful. Additionally, the concept of trust is widely used in law, which is defined as an arrangement between two parties in which one person (a trustee) is considered the nominal owner of goods or property on behalf of the beneficiaries. Furthermore, trust is applied in nursing, where it is given different definitions. According to Molina-Mula and Gallo-Estrada (2020), trust is a significant aspect of the nurse-patient relationship and forms the basis of quality nursing care. Furthermore, Crits-Christoph et al. (2019) define trust as a determinant of the therapeutic relationship between a nurse and a patient. Lastly, Strandås and Bondas (2018) define trust as a key theme determining the quality of care and health outcomes.

Defining Attributes

 Defining attributes of trust include willingness, ability to establish good relationships, listening skills, caring, confidentiality, and honesty.

Creating Cases using the Critical Attributes

A Model Case or a Real-Life Scenario

A nine-year-old child presented to the Emergency Department with a laceration to the upper lip from a fence. The healthcare provider was confident in attending to the child even if he was afraid and in pain. Although many patients were in the waiting room, the healthcare provider was willing to prioritize healthcare needs since she was in severe pain. It was essential to gain the child’s trust and establish a good relationship to keep them from being fearful in the future. Trust is considered as the foundation of establishing a good therapeutic relationship and provision of quality patient care (Haavisto & Jarva, 2018). The situation escalated when it was time to rinse the injury to prepare for sutures. The parent kept assuring the child that it would not hurt. The child asked the staff if it was going to hurt. The healthcare provider listened to the child and explained that everyone feels pain at different levels. Thus, he was likely to feel pinching and tugging. Going through the procedure step by step and offering helpful hints to decrease the pain proved to be the best way to earn the child’s trust. He seemed better prepared and was surprised that it was over so quickly. In the end, the patient responded favorably, and trust was achieved.

A Contrary Case

  A 6yo girl was presented to the emergency department with severe bleeding on her head. Although no patients were seeking healthcare services in the department, the healthcare professionals on duty took over 2 hours before attending to the client. They kept ignoring the girl’s mother, begging them to save her only daughter. Consequently, the mother lost trust in the healthcare providers and opted to transfer her daughter to a nearby medical facility. Birkhäuer et al. (2017) reported that trust is the foundation of quality patient care and positive health outcomes. Hence, the mother trusted medical professionals in the other facility to provide healthcare services to her daughter and save her life.

A Borderline Case

1. M, an 8yo girl, was accompanied by her mother to the psychiatric clinic. The mother reported depressive symptoms, including lack of concentration, reduced appetite, loss of interest in activities that she used to like, withdrawal from peers in school and at home, and reduced sleep. The mother reported that the symptoms had persisted for over three weeks. The psychiatrist did not conduct a mental status exam to understand the cause of the symptoms. Instead, he claimed that the client was terrified by a forthcoming exam and she would not experience the symptoms after the exam. This case is different from the case model since the psychiatrist does not seem to care for the client. Additionally, he does not give an honest answer concerning the cause of the presented symptoms.

An Invented Case

  Twenty-six years old was presented to the family clinic with severe abdominal pain. The primary care provider was willing to listen to the client as she provided health-related information related to the presented symptoms. By so doing, the healthcare provider demonstrated willingness, listening skills, and caring. Consequently, the healthcare provider established a good relationship with the client. The medical professional informed the client that several diagnostics would be performed to diagnose her condition properly. By providing the client with this information, the healthcare provider was honest. The medical professional also assured the client that her health-related information would be considered private and confidential. According to Tegegne et al. (2022), healthcare providers should adhere to the ethical guideline of confidentiality and non-disclosure. Thus, individual patients’ medical information should not be disclosed to third parties.

Concept Antecedents and Consequences

Walker and Avant’s (2005) framework uses antecedents and consequences when analyzing a particular concept, hence showing how the concept can be used in a social context. They defined antecedents as incidents that must occur before a particular concept. Antecedents of trust include direct ‘tangible’ experiences, competence, reliability, and beliefs regarding ‘goodwill. On the other hand, Walker and Avant’s (2005) described consequences as the outcomes resulting from the concept. The consequences of trust include efficient, positive relationships, adjustment, openness, communication, organizational commitment, survival, and adaptability. 

            Overall, trust is a major concept in the healthcare sector. It forms the basis of a good relationship between a healthcare provider and a patient, resulting in quality patient care and health outcome. Defining attributes of trust include willingness, ability to establish good relationships, listening skills, caring, confidentiality, and honesty. Antecedents of trust include direct ‘tangible’ experiences, competence, reliability, and beliefs regarding ‘goodwill. The consequences of trust include efficient, positive relationships, adjustment, openness, communication, organizational commitment, survival, and adaptability.   

References

Birkhäuer, J., Gaab, J., Kossowsky, J., Hasler, S., Krummenacher, P., Werner, C. & Gerger, H. (2017). Trust in the health care professional and health outcome: A metaanalysis. Plos One, 12(2). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5295692/.

Crits-Christoph, P., Rieger, A., Gaines, A., & Gibbons, M. B. C. (2019). Trust and respect in the patient-clinician relationship: preliminary development of a new scale. BMC psychology, 7(1), 1-8. Doi: 10.1186/s40359-019-0347-3.

Gonzalez, K. M. (2017). Trust: A concept analysis with Watson’s theoretical perspective. Nursing Science Quarterly, 30(4), 356-360. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894318417724446

Haavisto, M., & Jarva, S. (2018). Developing Trust in a Nurse-Patient Relationship: A Literature Review. Core; 1-32. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/161433467.pdf

Molina-Mula, J., & Gallo-Estrada, J. (2020). Impact of nurse-patient relationship on quality of care and patient autonomy in decision-making. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(3), 835. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030835

Strandås, M., & Bondas, T. (2018). A meta-ethnography is the nurse-patient relationship as a story of health enhancement in community care. Journal of advanced nursing, 74(1), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13389

Tegegne, M. D., Melaku, M. S., Shimie, A. W., Hunegnaw, D. D., Legese, M. G., Ejigu, T. A., … & Chanie, A. F. (2022). A cross-sectional study of health professionals’ knowledge and attitude towards patient confidentiality and associated factors in a resource-limited setting. BMC Medical Ethics, 23(1), 1-10. https://bmcmedethics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12910-022-00765-0

Walker, L., & Avant, K. (2005). Strategies for Theory Construction in Nursing. 4th ed. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.

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A concept is the glue that ties conceptual frameworks, models, and theories together. The concepts in a framework or theory relate to each other in some way. This is what gives them meaning. A concept analysis is an exploration of how a concept ties a framework together.

Instructions:

Select one of the following four concepts for your paper: trust, hope, suffering, uncertainty.
Determine the aim or purpose of your analysis; what do you want to accomplish by conducting this concept analysis? Answer the questions “Why am I doing this?” and “Why is this relevant to nursing knowledge and nursing science?”
Conduct your literature review by identifying all uses of the term that you can discover. Answer “What are the known conceptualizations?”
Locate and use a minimum of 3 dictionary definitions, 1 thesaurus entry, and 5 scholarly references from the nursing literature (you may use non-nursing literature, if necessary). Combined, these references will be the basis for identifying and defining attributes of your selected concept.
Determine the critical or defining attributes of the concept by identifying what each instance or use of the term has in common with the other uses. The more scholarly references you locate and use, the easier it is to determine critical attributes of a concept.
Create the 4 cases using the critical attributes:
Construct a model case or a real-life scenario that uses the concept and includes all critical attributes of the concept. Explain how you use each critical attribute. This case should be an accurate representation or model of your concept.
Construct a contrary case or one that is opposite of the concept. Support the claims you make by explaining how and why the contrary case does not contain any of the critical attributes of your concept.
Construct a borderline case or one that is related to the concept but is not actually an example of the concept. Support the claims you make by explaining how and why the borderline case differs from the model and contrary cases (i.e., does not contain all of the critical attributes of your concept, etc.)
Construct an invented case or fictitious scenario that uses the concept and includes all of the critical attributes. Explain how you use each of the critical attributes.
Identify related concepts; provide a list of terms that are related to or similar to the concept.
Identify an inaccurate use of the concept. Provide an example of how the concept is used in a way that is improper or incorrect.
Identify concept antecedents and consequences. This should include a description of (1) concepts or traits that precede (antecedent) the existence of the concept and (2) concepts or traits that follow (consequence) the existence of the concept. An antecedent cannot be one of the attributes, but a consequence may be.
The paper should be written in a professional, scholarly manner (i.e., no errors in APA formatting, spelling, or grammar). As a guideline, the body of the paper (excluding title page and reference list) should be about 6 pages in length.